��Ұ�ɪ��հ��굮��ڴ��Ĺ�ϣ��ͺ��ˡ�

//m.zimplifyit.com 2015��10��16��08:25 ��Դ��й��

��Ա֮�� ȫ��ҵĶ��ӡ�Ӣ�İ�

��ϣ��ϣ��ϣ��1956�꣬��¶��ڿ��Իع鱾��ˣ��ڽ��д��ɷ��̳�İ�ɪ�� ա��ڰ�ɪ��˵��ʼ��µĻ��ҲΪ��ϣ��Ͷ��˿̾��㡱��Կ��ڻ��ϣ��Ŷ��ʵ��δ��㽡�Ȼ ��ϵ۲�û�о��ǡ��Ư��Ů�˵Ľ�ϡ��û��ά��̫��ʱ�䣬��һֱ��µ���ڽ��ά��5��Ҵҽ��ˡ� ��¶��ɱ��ȥ��43��ʱ����־��һ�λ��һ��ļƻ��20�ಿ��Ʒ��ϲ��¶��ǰ�� λϷ��ĳ��ɽ��ֵ��Ƕ��ݶ��صĻ����е�Ϸ�硣�ڰ�ɪ��յ��֮�ʣ��ٴλ��λ��Ϸ�� ġ��20��ΰ��ľ��ҡ��ļ��¶ǰ�򡱵ȸ��ͷ��һ��ˣ��ǲ��Կ��һλ��ҵ�� ֻ��֮��־��𣬸��Կ��ԡ��ʱ��봴��֮��Ľ��ܹ��Ǻ��߳ɾ��Ϸ��ʷ�ϵİ�ɪ��ա�

����Ҫ��Χ��

��1915��10��17�գ��ɪ��ճ��ŦԼ��һ��ԣ��̫��ͥ��ľ��ô��ļ�ͥ��ش��13��ʱ��ȫ�Ұᵽ�� ³��һ��խ��Сľ����ĥ��ʹ��˸��Ӵ��Ļ��ᡣ1932�굽1934��䣬��Ĵ��򹤣��500��Ԫ�� Ъ��ѧ��ѧ�ѡ��Ϊ�˸��õ���ı��ܴ�ʹ��ڴ�ѧ�ڼ�ʸ��ꡣ��ڼ伸��Ʒ��½��Լ���ƵĽ��𣬸��Ӽᶨ��д��ľ��ġ�

��ḻ����Ϸ�紴��ԴȪ��1932��40��ڣ��Ⱥ��µ�ְҵ��10��ʹ��ѧ��ҵ��Ȼ��˾ ��ߡ��밲װ��ֵȹ��Щ��ľ籾�еõ��˳��֣��Һܶ��ϣ��ҵ��ʵ��Ӱ�ӣ��񡶺�� ˡ��еĴ��ﲮ��ȫ��ҵĶ��ӡ��еĿ��˹��ա��֮��е��͢�ȡ��Դ��ζ��˹��ͬʱ��ʱ�̲��Щ�� Ŀ��֮�£�ʹ��ʱ��µĽ��Ź�ϵ��͹�ԣ��д��Դ��ײ��ĳ��ء��ҵ�һ��У�ֻ��һ�� ѧ��Ʒ��򶯣��Ǿ��³��ڽܵ¡��˹�糡�ݳ��ż֮�ҡ��ʱ�򡣡��մ��ײ��ľ��ҵ��д��ķ��ʵ��1947�� һ�ٳ��ġ�ȫ��ҵĶ��ӡ��۷��1949��ġ��Ա֮��һ�꣬��34�ꡣ

��ͬ��˹��Ӣ��˵��ʵ��д��յ��ʵ��Ծ��Ľ��̵�дʵ�ʷ��Э��һ�� 飬Ҳ��Ϊ��۾ܾ��ɡ��Щ��û�ܺ��ս��ʱ��־��Ϸ��Ʒʵ��Ϸ�ӳ��ἱ��⡭��ʹ��ĸ� ��ˣ��Ÿı��ᡱ��50��У��ո��1692�걱��ֳ��ʱ��һ׮�ܸ��˵ġ��װ��д��ˡ��ķ�� Ů�ס��Ӱ�䵱ʱ����ίԱ��޹��ʿ��Ⱥ��3��1956�꣬��˹����ίԱ��Ĵ�Ѷ��æ��ջ��ޣ�� ȴ�ܾ�˵��ȥ��һ�𿪻��ʵ��Ϊ��ʷ��ͶӰ��մ��ġ��ͷ��͡��һ�Ļ��䡷��뵱�µ�ʱ��޹� ��ȴ��ô��ʱ�ڵ��̬ģ��ʵ��ʱ��֮��ķ��顢��ε�ȱʧ��ѵĺ��У�ǡ�ƴ�ʱ��ʱ�� ȥ��Ϊһ��Զ��ؼ��Ĳ��е�ȫ��ϵ��Ͳ��ָ��һ��Ʒ��ܴﵽ��ĸ߶Ⱦ��ľ��ء��˵��ٸ� �ʵ�ʽ��̽��Ϊ��ս��ƫִ�Ĳ��Эд��ṩ��֧�š��ִ��ͷһֱ��ꡣ��90��ġ��С��ʻ��Ħ��ɽ�� ˵�˹��Ĺ�ϵ��⣬��ָ��ֵ��⣻2002�꣬��Ϊ�ӽǴ�� в��鹹�ɷ֣��ȴ��ձ��ڽ̡��Ρ��Σ��

��һ˫��̵��۾��۲��£��Ļ��࣬��Ʒ��Գ�Ϊ��ͬʱ��ע�ţ��Ʒ��ĸ��ȴ�Ǽ򵥶��ģ��Ϊ�� (��Լ��)�ҵ��ʵ��λ�ö��ܶ��һ��С��ķܶ�չʾ��϶��Ĵ��ڼ�ֵ��Щ��и��ꡢ��Ѫ�ԣ��ʹ��ǲ��ٹ¶�� ʱ��ǲ�Ҫ��Χ��硣

����ͨ�˵��뾫��

��ھ��д��⣬��ղ��ṩ�𰸣��Ա��·�ʽ�ճ��޾��ı��밧��߳��糡�Ĺ��ڡ��˹��ݽ��е�С�� ɫ��С����Ǳ�Ѥ�õġ��Ρ��Ю��ӹ��У��ƴ��Ť��ݡ��粻��Ӣ�ۡ��߹��˵�ר��ǳ�ߡ��׳��ľ� ��ʷʫ��ص��˵ر��ÿ��ͨ�˵����նԱ��Ϸ��Ĺ��ס�

��ڽ�ʾ�Դ��ᾭ��ת��븴�ձ��ͨ�˵��澳��Ƿ��Ͷ��Խ��Ŭ��Ѱ��Ÿ��λ�ã� ��Щ�ı��˵ĳ��ԣ��ľ��Եı��ѹ��ݲУ��ʽ�ı��ǡǡ��ڡ�һ��ȫ��Ը��Ҫ��Լ��ĺ�� ָ��˷ܶ��֮��ľ޴����־��֮��ļ��ҳ�ͻ��Ϸ�籯��û�е��ʱ��Ӧ��ʷ��һ�� ߰��ߵ��ָ��Ωһ�ĵص㡪��ͨ�˵��뾫�񡣡��տ��ͨ��ϵı��ڹ�ϣ��о��ӣ��ֱ�� ݡ��Ը񡢵�λ�Ĳ��ͻ��˵ı��Ժ��־ʹȻ��Ҫ��ﵽ��ʱ��ֵ��־�Ǽ᲻�ɴݵġ��۸߹��뱰�� С��ˡ��᲻�ɴݡ��־��Ҫ��ã��粻�ɱ��⡣

��Ҫ��ڴ��Ĺ�ϣ��ͺ��ˡ��ն��б��˶Թ�ϣ��Ľ֮�飬��Ƴ��ײ��Ϊ�ײ��ǡ��ϣ��ˡ�� ϣ��ңԶ�Ĺ�ȥ��֮��ϵ��˵��ϣ��ձ��紴��ľ��Ļ��ײ��Ϸ�紴��ѧ��ͳ��Ϊ ��ʹ�ͳ��ռ��60��꣬ʸ־��塣

��յ�Ϸ��У��ͥ��Ҫ��塣��һ��ͥ��ĳ��⡢��ϵ��һ�𣬰��ᡢʱ��䶯��ϢŨ��ڷ��ޡ��ֵ��Լ�� ϵ��΢��ת��У��еĲ��뼤�䣬��һ��Ⱥ��ľ��˳��ÿ��ͥ��Ź�ȥ�ļ��䣬�غ��δ��е�һ�о�� ̨�ϵĴ˿̾��š��ȫ��ҵĶ��ӡ��ʷ��Դ��˹��յĹ�ʧ��ı��Ǹ��Լ��ͥ�ڲ��˵��ì�ܣ��ȴ�� ʷ��и��εĲ��ġ��Ա֮��ı��һ��Լ��һ��е��ͥ�е��Σ��ȴ��Լ�� С��Ҳ��һ��ᡱ��ͥ��ľ��Ҳ�޷��ʱ��ѡ��Գ��ķ�ʽ�ֲ�һ��ȣ��Ǹ��忹��ı��磬Ҳ �ǿ��µ��ʵ��

��Ϸ��Ӧ��Ǹ��ʫ��

��ڹ�˼��Ա֮��С��һ��ʱ��д��Ƚ��е��һ�ž޴��̨ǰ��Ĺ��ô�ߴ��ֳ��̶�չ ��ǿ��Կ��һ��е��Ļ��Ϊ�ˣ��뿪��Ц�ƵĽ��þ��Ϊ��е��Ļ��ͬ��ȫ��ҵĶ��ӡ��ı��ַ�ʽǡǡ�෴��һ ��ʼ�ͱ�ע��һ�ָ�����У��¶��ͷ��ͬʱ��棬��û��ʲô��󵽡�֮˵��ݳ��У��ų��ز��ʶ�� ڹ��ǰ�ģ��ʱ��̸��췢��£�ʱ��ͻȻ�ν�20��ǰһЩ�йص��£�ʱ��ص��ңԶ��£��ֻص��ʵ��Ʋ� ��δ��1949�꡶��Ա֮��ϻ��ݳɹ��ݳ�21��¡�742��ļ�¼��ڼ�ס��ʽ�ľ��̣�Ҳ��һ��б�� ͳ��ʵ��Ľṹ��ʽ��Ϸ��ʷ�ϡ�

��ʵ��ϣ�Ѱ�Һ��ʵı��ʽһֱ��մ��н��ͻ�Ƶ��⡣��ʽ��ζ��ѧ�ϵĴ��£��Ӧ��Ϊ��Ҫ��⡰�� У��Ա֮��ҵ��ִ��̽��ʽ��ʽ��Ȼ��˱��Ĵ��ַ��ȴ��ȫ��ͬ�ڰ��ĳ��ģʽ��ѡ ��Ȱѡ��ڣ��˹��ϵ��ʱ��Ĵ��Ϊ��Ѱ�ҡ��۾ݡ��һ��ˡ�һ��ͷ��β��̽ύ��ĸ��ʶ��ˣ�ʱ ��ߵ��ˣ��е��۾�һ��Ӿ��˹��Ա֮��ĳɹ��ʾ��ʱ��Ĵ��Ʋ��û��Ӱ��ȫ��ʵ��ʵ�� 룬��վ��ʱ��µİ��ء�

��ԡ��Ա֮��Ϊ��㣬��շ��ִ��ʵʱ��֮��ڹ��ڴ˺�Ĵ��Ŀ�ĵظ��ڲ�ͬ��ʽ̽��У��һ��һ �δ��½ṹ��ݽ��Ĵ��£��Ϊ��ʱ��İ��һ��壬��ָ��Ǹ�ʼ�ղ��Ա��档��ȫ��ҵĶ��ӡ��¡��ա�Сʱ�Ȳ�ͬʱ�䵥λ ��ת��У��ص��񲻶ϰ��һ��ο��ظ��õ��ʵʱ�䣬��ʾ��һ��޷��ѵ�ʱ��֣��в��ͬ��ǵ�� ��硰�ڵ��ÿ�쿴��ͬһЩ��ϣ��ͬһЩ��£�Ωһ�ı仯��˥��ˡ��ѭ��ʱ��״̬�µ��飬��ͨ�˿��ƴ��˱��硣

��д��ʵ��գ��ܾ�ʫ��ٻ��ʱ��ʵ��Ʒ��ڳ�Ϊ��Ķ��ԭ��֮һ�Ǻܶ��д��ȥ��ɢ�Ķ�д�� ʫ�ġ��ʫ�ġ��ζ�Ŵ��е��ţ��Դ��ĵ��ȳ��ÿ����һ��Ŀ�ζ��һ��˵�ӽ̾��ǡ�硶��Ա֮ ��ʼ�յĵ��ϸ΢��Ϸ��ʫ�⾳����Ϊÿһ��Ҫ��ɫ��ˡ��ǡ��ֵ�û�ζ�Ĺ�ȥ��Ҳ�� ⻹��ʵ��еġ��ǡ��Ϊ��ǡ��ʵ��в��ҹ��Լ��ġ��ǡ��

��1983�괺��ɪ��յڶ��й�֮��ѡ��˱��գ��ָ��ġ��Ա֮��ȫ�߸��й�Ϸ��ݳ��Ϸ�ļȶ�ģʽ��ٴ� ��ɫ�ļٷ��ٽ��дʵ�Եػ�ԭ��ĳ��һ��е��͵��˹��ߡ��ڸþ��壬��Ӣ��й��̽�� ƣ�Ԥ��ʹ��ǹ��㲻ǰ�ĳ��棬�Ӷ��ҹ��һ��¾��桱��ɪ��ȴ��һ��˵ĽǶȣ��һ��һ��ŵ� ��ҡ��Ļ�֮��Ļ��Ա֮��й��򿪣��Ϊ��棬��Ϊ�ܹ��룬�ܹ��Ļ��ҵľ��顱��й�� Ϥ�ˡ��Ա����Ϸ��Ĵ��ϣ��Ե��;��Ծ��Ҫ��ȥ�ƽ⣬�Ļ��ĸ��ڣ��һ��Ϸ�ܹ��һ�� йص��Ҫ��⣬��Ϸ��ϣ��ġ��Ҳ�ǰ�ɪ��հ��굮��֮�ʣ��ٴ�̸��һ��ԭ��ɡ�